Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose (Indian leader)

                Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose (Indian leader)

 

“One individual may die for an idea, but that idea will, after his death, incarnate itself in a thousand lives.”

 

Subhas Chandra Bose is known by the name of Netaji (In Hindi: “Respected Leader”). Netaji was always a patriotic person and his early life was filled with instances of nationalist disclosure.  He also led an Indian power that is nationwide overseas resistant to the Western abilities during World War II. He had been a contemporary of Mohandas K. Gandhi, at times a friend as well as other times an adversary.  Early Life He was born on January 23, 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa. His father Janaki Nath Bose had been a famous lawyer and his Mother Prabhavati Devi which was a pious and spiritual woman. Subhas Chandra Bose was ninth among fourteen siblings. He had been a student that is brilliant from childhood.  He graduated having a First Class in Philosophy from the Scottish Churches College in Calcutta. He was strongly influenced by Swami Vivekananda's ideas and principles.  In 1919, He went to England 1919 to face the Indian Civil exam to meet his mother and father’s desires. He had cleared the Indian Civil services Exam with 4th rank and joined the duty.  But, Subhas Chandra Bose ended up being profoundly disrupted by the Jallianwalla Bagh massacre, and left their Civil Services apprenticeship midway to come back to India in 1921 and joined the INC under the influence of a political guru, Chittaranjan das. Recently, the GoI has decided to dedicate his birthday (January 23) every year as “Parakram Diwas” to honor and remember Netaji’s invincible spirit and selfless service to the nation. Political Activity  In December 1921, he went to jail for 6 months. In 1927, he founded the independence league. In 1928, he opposed the Dominion status that was proposed in the Nehru report. The noncooperation movement started by Mohandas K. Gandhi was joined by Bose. Gandhi advised the bose to work under Chitta Ranjan Das, which was a politician in Bengal.  In 1924, he was appointed Mayor of the Calcutta Municipal Corporation.  His political guru was Chittaranjan Das. After few years, he was soon deported to Burma (Myanmar) because he was doubtful of connections with secret revolutionary movements. In 1927, the two leaders, Bose and Jawaharlal Nehru became the two general secretaries of the Indian National Congress. The Indian National Army and Subhash Bose In1938, he became the president of INC at Haripura.  In 1939, became the president of INC by defeating Gandhi candidate Pattabhi Sitaramayya. In 1940, he was lace under house arrest by the British. In March 1940, Bose convened an Anti-Compromise Conference at Ramgarh; it was a joint effort of the Forward Bloc and the Kisan Sabha. It was resolved at the conference that a world-wide struggle should be launched on April 6, with a call to the people not to help the Imperialist War with any resource—men, money, or materials. On January 26, 1941, he reached Peshawar under the pseudo name Ziauddin, helped by Bhagat Ram. He then went to Germany. He was reported to have approached Russia for help in the Indian struggle for freedom from Britain. But, in June 1941, Russia joined the Allies in the war, which disappointed Bose. He met with Hitler. With the help of Hitler, a freedom army formed which consisted of all the prisoners of war of Indian origin captured by Germany and Italy. He gave the famous slogan, ‘Jai Hind’ from the Free India Centre, Germany. He began regular broadcasts from Berlin radio in January 1942, which enthused Indians. In early 1943, he left Germany and traveled by German and later by Japanese submarines to reach Japan and then Singapore in July of the same year. He was to take over command of the Indian independence movement from Rashbehari Bose. The INA got a boost with the outbreak of the Quit India Movement in India. The second phase of INA began with the arrival of Subhash Bose in Singapore. On October 21, 1943, Subhash Bose formed the Provisional Government for Free India at Singapore with H.C. Chatterjee (Finance portfolio), M.A. Aiyar (Broadcasting), Lakshmi Swaminathan (Women Department), etc. The famous slogan—“Give me blood, I will give you freedom” was given in Malaya. In 1944, The INA headquarters was shifted to Rangoon (in Burma), and the army recruits were to march from there with the war cry “Chalo Delhi!”  On November 6, 1943, Andaman and Nicobar islands were given by the Japanese army to the INA; the islands were renamed Shahid Dweep and Swaraj Dweep respectively. On July 6, 1944, Subhas Bose addressed Mahatma Gandhi as ‘Father of Nation’—from the Azad Hind Radio (the first person to call Gandhi, ‘Father of Nation’). In August 1945, after Japan’s announced surrender, Bose, fleeing Southeast Asia, reportedly died in a Japanese hospital in Taiwan as a result of burn injuries from a plane crash. His birthday has commemorated India On 23rd January by garlanding his statue and hosting the Indian national flag and organizing cultural programs in schools & colleges. The plan of an Independent India would not have been feasible without freedom fighters and revolutionaries like Subhas Chandra Bose.

Author: Sanyam Insan